Introduction:
- Definition of a severe accident.
- Description of Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima Accidents.
- Tools for the Study of the Severe Accidents.
- PSA Terminology and Scope, PSA Example Results, PSA Uses, PSA Decision Making Criteria.
- Severe Accident Simulation Models.
- Example Severe Accident Sequence.
- Introduction to Severe Accident Management.
Plant Behavior prior to Core Damage: Initiating Events, Emergency Operating Procedures (EOPs):
- Anticipated Transient Without Scram (ATWS).
- Loss of Coolant Accidents / Inadequate Core Cooling (ICC).
- Loss of Feedwater / Loss of Heat Sink (LOHS).
- Loss of AC Power.
- Severe Overcooling / Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS).
- Response of Instrumentation to Core Uncovery.
Plant Behavior during and after Core Damage: In Vessel Phase:
- Behavior up to Core Uncovery.
- Core Melt Progression.
- Hydrogen Generation.
- Natural Circulation and Creep Failure Phenomena.
- Reactor Vessel Failure.
- Importance of EOPs and Operator Actions.
Plant Behavior during and after Core Damage: Ex-Vessel Phase:
- Containment Design.
- Debris Dispersal.
- Direct Containment Heating.
- Vessel Thrust.
- Steam Explosions.
- Debris Coolability.
- Core Concrete Attack.
- Hydrogen Behavior in Containment.
- Containment Fragility and Failure Modes.
Radiological Aspects:
- Fission Product Inventory, Fission Product Release from Fuel, Fission Product Transport.
- Source Terms.
Severe Accident Mitigation Hardware:
- Filtered Containment Venting.
- Emergency Containment Spray System.
- Hydrogen Control Systems.
Severe Accident Management Guidance – WOG SAMG Overview:
- Background, Scope and Philosophy.
- Technical Basis.
- Goals.
- Structure of SAMG.
- Interface with EOPs ad E-plan.
- Control Room SAMG, TSC SAMG.
- Instrumentation.
- Phenomenology.
- Computational Aids.
- Design Variations
